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China rejects EU’s ‘unlawful’ extraterritorial overreach in JD.com probe; move signals Beijing’s resolve to safeguard its interests: expert_我的网站

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China's Ministry of Justice Photo: VCG
China on Wednesday determined that the EU's cross-border investigative practices targeting Chinese entities in its probe into JD.com under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) constituted unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction, and said it is barring organizations and individuals from implementing or assisting with the measures.
This statement was made by China's Ministry of Justice (MOJ), together with the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and other relevant departments. The announcement takes effect immediately.
The finding follows an investigation conducted pursuant to Articles 3 and 6 of China's rules on countering foreign states' unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction measures. No organization or individual may implement or assist in implementing such measures, according to the official WeChat account of the MOJ on Wednesday evening.
The announcement sends a clear and firm message about China's position on the EU's unilateral measures, and the bloc should carefully weigh the broader implications of pursuing such actions, including the potential costs to its own interests and China-EU economic and trade relations, a Chinese expert said. Continued use of the FSR in this manner could erode investment confidence and further strain bilateral economic ties, the expert noted.
Countering extraterritorial overreach
A spokesperson for China's MOJ on Wednesday blasted the EU's targeting of JD.com, saying the bloc had arbitrarily demanded extensive and unnecessary information located in China from Chinese entities on a cross-border basis. Such demands are improper and constitute a serious violation of the international rule of law, the spokesperson said.
To safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests, as well as the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens, legal persons and other organizations, the Ministry of Justice, together with the Ministry of Commerce and other relevant authorities, determined in accordance with rules on countering foreign states' unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction measures that the EU's actions constituted unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction. Any organization or individual is therefore prohibited from complying with or assisting in the implementation of the measures, according to the spokesperson.
The MOJ spokesperson urged the EU to immediately correct its wrongful practices, stop abusing the Foreign Subsidies Regulation as an investigative tool, and provide a fair, just and predictable market environment for companies investing and operating in Europe. If the EU persists with such actions, China will take resolute countermeasures in accordance with law, the spokesperson said.
Chinese e-commerce giant JD.com's $2.5 billion bid for German electronics retailer Ceconomy may involve Chinese subsidies, European ‌Union competition regulators claimed, as they opened a full-scale investigation into the deal, Reuters reported on May 28.
The acquisition will allow one of China's largest retailers to expand outside its home market via Ceconomy-owned electronic products retailers MediaMarkt and Saturn, Reuters reported.
The decision by ⁠the European Commission marks its first in-depth probe of a Chinese deal under its so-called FSR.
This marks another time the rules on countering foreign states' unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction measures have been invoked since they took effect in April.
In May, the MOJ, together with MOFCOM and other relevant departments, determined after an investigation that the EU's cross border investigative practices targeting Chinese entities in its investigation into Nuctech under the FSR constituted unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction.
The latest announcement concerning the EU's unilateral move under the FSR once again reflects the Chinese government's firm position on safeguarding national sovereignty, security and legitimate rights and interests, while also representing a clear response to the EU's relevant practices, Jian Junbo, director of the Center for China-Europe Relations at Fudan University's Institute of International Studies, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
"The announcement sends a clear signal to the EU and other countries: China will not accept attempts by any country to use its domestic laws as a basis for exercising unlawful extraterritorial jurisdiction over matters within China, particularly when such actions undermine China's sovereign rights and interests," said Jian.
Likewise, China will not accept attempts to unilaterally address economic and trade frictions through so-called legal instruments when doing so harms the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies and the Chinese market, Jian said.
Call on fair, just market
The EU's frequent use of the FSR against Chinese companies is not an isolated occurrence.
In February, the European Commission announced an in-depth investigation under the FSR into Chinese wind turbine manufacturer Goldwind.
Responding to the bloc's move, a MOFCOM spokesperson said that the EU had recently frequently used the FSR to launch investigations into Chinese companies and had escalated investigations into Chinese wind power and security equipment companies to in-depth probes, showing clear targeting and discrimination. China has expressed serious concern and strong dissatisfaction over the moves.
The MOFCOM spokesperson said the EU's investigations had broadened the concept of "foreign subsidies" and involved multiple problems, including insufficient evidence to launch investigations and a lack of transparency in procedures, describing the practices as "typical protectionism in the name of 'fair competition.'"
In January 2025, following an investigation, MOFCOM already determined in accordance with the law that the EU's relevant practices constituted trade and investment barriers. Instead of correcting its practices, the EU has gone further down the wrong path.
"China has made its position very clear, and the EU should fully consider the consequences of continuing with such measures, including their potential impact on the EU itself and on China-EU economic and trade relations," Zhang Jian, a vice president of the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
If the EU continues to impose excessive restrictions on foreign companies through similar rules, it will not only raise compliance costs for multinational companies but could also undermine the competitiveness of European businesses, Zhang said, noting that the EU economy is already facing considerable challenges, while concerns over excessive regulation, bureaucracy and increasingly complex rules have also grown within Europe.
Moreover, such rules may ultimately constrain European companies as well as foreign businesses, experts noted. At a time when the EU economy is facing difficulties, adding more regulation and restrictions instead of addressing underlying problems would be akin to "drinking poison to quench thirst," potentially creating even greater problems for the European economy, Zhang said.
China and the EU are both major global economies. Chinese investment in Europe not only brings capital, but also creates jobs, strengthens supply chains, introduces new technologies and adds vitality to local markets, Jian said.
Moreover, from new-energy vehicles to air conditioners and other consumer products, Chinese companies have brought high-quality, cost-effective products to European consumers, helping meet much-needed market demand while providing consumers with greater choice.
Jian said that as China-EU cross border investment deepens, regulatory frictions are inevitable, but they should be addressed through dialogue and coordination rather than unilateral expansion of extraterritorial jurisdiction. Respect for each other's judicial sovereignty and legal boundaries is essential to stable and predictable economic and trade ties, the expert said.
。 NBA这个休赛期最炸裂的一笔操作，不是某位超巨改换门庭，而是克利夫兰骑士用一连串精密到极致的薪资运作，硬生生从卫冕冠军掘金手里“拆”走了23岁的锋线新星沃特森。4年8800万美元，年均2200万，最后一年带球员选项，还附加7.5%的交易保证金——这份合同的结构，几乎是为沃特森量身定制的“诚意书”。而真正把这笔交易从设想变成现实的，是37岁的哈登。他手里原本攥着4230万美元的球员选项，完全可以一签了事，但他没有。哈登选择降薪续约，新合同年薪预计落在2500万至3200万之间，每年直接让利超过1200万。这笔钱，最终变成了沃特森加盟克利夫兰的薪资空间。为什么骑士如此执着于一个场均14.6分的年轻人？答案藏在去年东部决赛里。

B | 面对尼克斯的锋线群，骑士的三号位被反复针对，攻防两端全面失血。米切尔和莫布利锁定顶薪，阿伦镇守内线，后场有哈登梳理进攻，唯独缺少一个能跑能防、能把空位三分投进的侧翼。沃特森恰恰是联盟当下最稀缺的类型——2米03的身高，能从1号位换防到4号位，三分命中率41.1%，场均还能送出1.1次盖帽。这种体型配机动性，放在自由市场上，至少五支球队排队等着递合同。掘金并非不想留人。他们开出了5年7000万的报价，年均1400万，但在沃特森团队眼里，这个数字严重低估了他的市场价值。更关键的是，掘金刚刚匹配了雷霆给斯潘塞·琼斯的邀请合同，薪资已经顶到第二土豪线。如果强行给沃特森涨到年均2200万，奢侈税将直奔2亿美元。对一支围绕约基奇建队、争冠窗口期有限的球队来说，这笔账怎么算都不划算。于是掘金选择了变现。他们从这笔先签后换交易中拿回了骑士2031年的无保护首轮签，外加国王2032年的次轮签。

C | 无保护三个字的分量极重——这意味着五年后如果骑士因为哈登退役、米切尔老化而跌入乐透区，掘金将白捡一个高顺位新秀。这是一场关于时间维度的对赌：掘金赌未来，骑士赌现在。骑士的筹码不止是选秀权。为了让薪资空间腾出来，管理层在过去一周连续做了多笔操作。先把施罗德送往黄蜂换回特雷·曼恩，省下约680万美元；接着把斯特鲁斯摆上货架，这位上季场均11.2分、三分命中率40.2%的射手，手里握着1666万的到期合同。骑士从7月就开始兜售，先后接触过公牛和篮网，但对方一听要接最后一年的高薪，扭头就走。直到快船入局，用交易特例直接吃下这份合同，整笔账才算彻底平掉。快船在这笔五方交易中几乎没付出核心资产，仅靠薪资空间就拿到了一位有硬仗基因的成熟射手。

D | 唯一的隐患在斯特鲁斯的左脚——上季他因琼斯骨折只打了12场常规赛，季后赛带伤复出。快船医疗组的评估报告，将直接决定这笔交易最终的成色。当交易正式官宣时，外界才发现它已经扩展成五方九人的大交易。骑士最终入账沃特森和惠特摩尔两名锋线，快船拿到斯特鲁斯，掘金收下2031年无保护首轮、国王2032年次轮和里斯，奇才得到曼恩和次轮签，黄蜂得到施罗德。由于骑士和掘金都参与了先签后换，两队被第一土豪线硬帽锁死。骑士在完成哈登续约前，距离硬帽还剩约2900万美元空间——这2900万，恰好是留给哈登的。

E | 哈登的牺牲，远超外界的想象。

F | 一个11届全明星、前MVP，在职业生涯尾巴上做出降薪4000万的决定，图的就是那座迟迟未到手的总冠军奖杯。他深知，骑士管理层整个夏天的操作逻辑，本质上是在和时间赛跑。米切尔和莫布利的顶薪合同已经生效，阿伦的续约谈判也即将启动，未来几年球队的薪资空间只会越来越紧。如果这个窗口期拿不下冠军，等哈登老去、新人磨合失败，骑士将同时失去现在和未来。 ESPN给骑士打了B级，给掘金打了D级。不少美国记者认为掘金是最大输家，但换个角度看，掘金管理层只是选择了一条更稳妥的路。约基奇的合同窗口就剩几年，硬留沃特森会让后续操作空间彻底焊死，还不如换回一个远端首轮给未来留种子。掘金转头就去接触德罗赞，说明他们根本没打算躺平。骑士球迷有理由兴奋，但别高兴太早。沃特森功能单一的问题客观存在，他能靠身体天赋在常规赛冲击篮筐，可到了总决赛级别的肉搏战，能否扛住对手王牌锋线的强吃，依然是个问号。更现实的是，骑士总薪资已经顶到硬帽，后续连一笔像样的补强都做不了。

G | 轮换深度被锁死，一旦主力遭遇伤病，替补席上能指望的名字屈指可数。纸面实力上，哈登、米切尔、沃特森、莫布利、阿伦这套首发，足以叫板尼克斯和76人。但篮球从来不是纸面游戏。米切尔和莫布利各自背着5010万的顶薪，不兑现就毫无意义；沃特森从丹佛到克利夫兰，球权只会更少，他需要证明自己不持球也能影响比赛；哈登的膝盖和体能要撑过82场常规赛加季后赛；莫布利能否把防守覆盖面积转化为稳定输出，都是变数。掘金拿着2031年的首轮签看向远方，快船拿着斯特鲁斯看向他的左脚康复报告，骑士拿着沃特森看向当下。三支球队在同一张交易单上签了字，赌的是完全不同的时间维度。骑士把未来五年的选秀资产押在了哈登巅峰尾巴的这两三年，赌赢了就是队史第二座总冠军奖杯，赌输了就是2031年那个无保护首轮变成乐透区高顺位白白送给丹佛。哈登降薪1200万，换来的是一个23岁的锋线。